北京中医药大学中医学院 北京 100029
赖敏,女,在读博士生
# 贾春华,男,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向:认知科学视域下的中医理论研究,E-mail:jiachunhua125@163.com
纸质出版日期:2023-07-30,
收稿日期:2023-02-20,
移动端阅览
赖敏, 贾春华. 明清及以前舌诊理论中的颜色隐喻分析[J]. 北京中医药大学学报, 2023,46(7):960-964.
LAI Min, JIA Chunhua. Analysis of color metaphor in tongue diagnosis theory in the Ming, Qing dynasties and before[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2023,46(7):960-964.
赖敏, 贾春华. 明清及以前舌诊理论中的颜色隐喻分析[J]. 北京中医药大学学报, 2023,46(7):960-964. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2023.07.012.
LAI Min, JIA Chunhua. Analysis of color metaphor in tongue diagnosis theory in the Ming, Qing dynasties and before[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2023,46(7):960-964. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2023.07.012.
明清时期是中医学舌诊理论构建的关键时期,从这个时期的相关文献可窥见舌诊发展成熟及融入中医学理论的过程。隐喻在新理论的形成及陈述中具有解释、理论建构等作用。因此,本文运用隐喻认知理论分析明清及以前的舌诊相关文献,发现五行学说对于解释舌颜色的临床意义发挥重要作用,基于“红赤为心火”及脏腑间的位置和功能关系描述正常舌象的颜色由红赤变为淡红;外感病中,以五行之“水火是寒热”解释舌颜色的寒热病机,通过肺金胃土对应白、黄苔以区分病位的表、里;内伤病中,以五色应五脏、五腑确定舌颜色的脏腑病位及虚实病机;并依据“燔炭色黑”和颜色构成分别解释“舌黑为热”及超出五色范畴的舌诊经验。揭示了中医学理论对舌诊经验的概括、凝练,以及隐喻在其中扮演的重要角色,为从中医学视角理解更多临床经验提供借鉴。
The Ming and Qing dynasties were the key periods for constructing the theory of tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). From the relevant literature in this period
we can see the process of integrating tongue diagnosis into TCM theory. Metaphors help with explaining and constructing new theories. Therefore
this paper uses the metaphor cognitive theory to analyze the literature related to tongue diagnosis in the Ming and Qing dynasties
suggesting that the five elements play a major role in explaining the clinical significance of tongue color and describing the color of the normal tongue from red to light red with "red is the fire of the heart" and the location and functional relationship among the viscera. In exogenous diseases
the "water is cold and fire is hot" in the five elements is used to explain the cold and hot pathogenesis of tongue color
and the lungs and stomach correspond to white fur and yellow fur
respectively
to distinguish the exterior and interior locations of disease. Among internal diseases
the disease location of the viscera and the pathogenesis of deficiency and excess reflected by the tongue color are determined by the five colors corresponding to the viscera. From the perspective of "burnt charcoal is black" and color composition
the ancient physicians explained the tongue diagnosis experience of "black tongue is hot" beyond the five color categories. This study reveals the generalization and refinement of the clinical experience of tongue diagnosis by TCM theory and the important role of metaphors in this process
which provides a reference for understanding more clinical experiences from the perspective of TCM.
舌诊颜色隐喻中医学理论五行外感病内伤病
tongue diagnosiscolormetaphortraditional Chinese medicine theoryfive elementsexogenous diseasesinternal diseases
解天骁,许朝霞,王忆勤,等.《黄帝内经》中“舌”相关理论探析[J].中华中医药杂志,2021,36(5):2479-2481.
赵睿霆,张国强,马维琪.《伤寒杂病论》中“察舌辨证”内容之分析[J].光明中医,2011,26(2):201-202.
梁嵘.1949年以前中医舌诊学术发展历程的探究[J].自然科学史研究,2004,23(3):257-273.
陈松鹤,梁嵘,王召平.清末前诊舌色的含义及其概念的演变[J].辽宁中医杂志,2008,35(12):1839-1840.
杜松,刘寨华,于峥,等.“舌色”源流考[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2018,24(9):1188-1190.
马燕冬,肖红艳,刘力力.从“气主之”到“气主煦之”:中医理论建构史案例研究[J].北京中医药大学学报,2012,35(9):581-587.
刘大椿.隐喻何以成为科学的工具[J].西北师大学报(社会科学版),2009,46(4):1-5.
窦嘉乐,赖敏,郭瑨,等.中医隐喻研究的目的和意义[J].世界中医药,2021,16(19):2905-2909.
成无己.伤寒明理论[M].于俊生,点校.北京:中国医药科技出版社,2020:39.
梁嵘.中医对正常舌象的认识过程[N].中国中医药报,2016-01-21(004).
王绍隆.医灯续焰[M].潘楫,辑注.北京:中医古籍出版社,2015:349.
高士栻.医学真传[M].宋咏梅,李圣兰,点校.天津:天津科学技术出版社,2000:23.
徐灵胎.舌鉴总论[M]//徐灵胎医书全集. 赵蕴坤,校勘.太原:山西科学技术出版社,2001.
傅松元.舌苔统志[M]//太仓傅氏医学三书.上海:上海中医书局,1930.
梁嵘,王召平.《敖氏伤寒金镜录》学术渊源探讨[J].中华医史杂志,2002,32(3):21-23.
戴明,李湛,贾春华.病机十九条火热病机的隐喻分析[J].中华中医药杂志,2022,37(9):5135-5138.
刘庆华,贾春华.中医五行研究论争史略[J].中医杂志,2022,63(13):1205-1210.
连易,贺娟.《黄帝内经》中的人体自同构思维[J].北京中医药大学学报,2017,40(4):276-280.
杜清碧.史氏重订敖氏伤寒金镜录[M].史介生,重订.上海:上海卫生出版社,1956.
申斗垣.伤寒观舌心法[M]//李乃民.中国舌诊大全.北京:学苑出版社,1994.
徐春甫.古今医统大全(上)[M].崔仲平,王耀廷,主校.北京:人民卫生出版社,1991:699.
杨云峰.临症验舌法[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1960.
程国彭.医学心悟[M].田代华,朱世杰,王长民,点校.天津:天津科学技术出版社,1999:50.
刘宁,贾春华.中医阴阳的“天—地—人”体验哲学[J].北京中医药大学学报,2021,44(1):19-25.
刘宁,贾春华.中医阴阳之原型标准与原型构建[J].中华中医药杂志,2020,35(12):6059-6063.
庆云阁.医学摘粹[M].彭静山,点校.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1983:74.
张登.伤寒舌鉴[M].上海:上海卫生出版社,1958:31.
林之翰.四诊抉微[M].李占永,张晓梅,校注.北京:中国中医药出版社,2002:30.
周学海.形色外诊简摩[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1987:100.
0
浏览量
49
下载量
1
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构